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In order to improve the positional adaptability of our previously reported naphthyl diaryltriazines (NP-DATAs), synthesis of a series of novel biphenyl-substituted diaryltriazines (BP-DATAs) with a flexible side chain attached at the C-6 position is presented. These compounds exhibited excellent potency against wild-type (WT) HIV-1 with EC values ranging from 2.6 to 39 nmol/L and most of them showed low nanomolar anti-viral potency against a panel of HIV-1 mutant strains. Compounds and had the best activity against WT, single and double HIV-1 mutants and reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme comparable to two reference drugs (EFV and ETR) and our lead compound NP-DATA (). Molecular modeling disclosed that the side chain at the C-6 position of DATAs occupied the entrance channel of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase non-nucleoside binding pocket (NNIBP) attributing to the improved activity. The preliminary structure-activity relationship and PK profiles were also discussed.
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On the analysis of world suicide prevention day theme throughout the years and its basic connotation, the article elucidates the core idea of "suicide, can be prevented" from different angles. And it enlightens the nurses should combine clinical practice, according to the specific situation of the hospitalized patients to carry out suicide prevention nursing work, mainly includes: think globally, make life full of hope, diversified social support, promote understanding, focus on high-risk age bracket, attach great importance to the cultural background, strengthen the cause of survival, eliminate discrimination, psychological intervention and continuous human care.
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Objective To investigate the differences and significance of blood levels of T helper 17 (Th17) cell and interleukin17 (IL-17) between peripheral and culprit vessels in patients with acute coronary syndrome.Methods A total of 76 patients recruited in 2012 were divided into three groups according to the coronary angiography and clinical manifestations:acute coronary syndrome,stable angina and control groups.The blood samples were taken from cubital vein and culprit coronary artery after coronary angiography.The percentage of Th17s among CD4+ T cells was detected by flow cytometric analysis and the IL-t7 levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.Results There was no significant difference in the percentages of Th17 cells between peripheral blood and culprit artery blood [(3.18 ± 0.29) ％ vs.(3.17 ±0.30)％,(P =0.919)];but the perecentages of Th17 in peripheral blood were found to be significantly higher in patients with acute coronary syndrome (3.18 ± 0.29)％ than those with stable angina (1.32 ± 0.31) ％ and those without coronary heart disease (1.28 ± 0.33) ％,(P ＜ 0.01).There was no significant difference in the level of IL-17 between peripheral blood and culprit artery blood [(81.23 ± 18.63) vs.(82.37 ±20.51) pg/mL,P =0.573];but the level of IL-17 in peripheral blood was also significantly higher in patients with acute coronary syndrome than those with stable angina and those without coronary heart disease [(81.23 ± 18.63) vs.(25.96 ± 14.58) pg/mL or (23.75 ± 13.64) pg/mL,P ＜0.01].Conclution There were no significant differences in percentage of Th17 cell among CD4 + T cells and levels of IL-17 in blood between peripheral and culprit vessels in patients with acute coronary syndrome.The percentage of Th17 among CD4 + T cells and the levels of IL-17 in blood increase in patients with acute coronary syndrome suggesting a potential role of Th17 and IL-17 in the development and instability of the atheroma.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of the empowerment theory-based health education on anxiety, depression and self-efficacy in the major caregivers for patient with leukemia. Methods Eighty patients with leukemia and their caregivers were enrolled during November 2013 to November 2014 and were divided into the intervention group (n=40) and the control group (n=40). The caregivers of the intervention group received empowerment theory-based education , while those of the control group received general health education. The two groups were compared in terms of anxiety, depression and self-efficacy. Results Before intervention, there were no significant differences in the three items between the groups (P>0.05). After intervention, the level of self efficacy in the intervention group was better than that in the control group (P<0.05) and the scores in the intervention group were significantly lower than those of the control group. Conclusion The empowerment theory-based education can relieve anxiety and depression and improve the self efficacy of the caregivers of patients with leukemia.
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Objective To define the concept of the benefit finding of breast cancer patients by Morse,Hupcey and Penrod's developed analytical methods.Methods Twenty-two references were recruited through the databases of Medline,Cochrane Library,Embase,Web of Science,ProQuest,according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Coding related content of literatures based on the concept of property from Morse terms:boundaries,preconditions and outcome,and from the epistemological,pragmatics,linguistics,logic perspective to evaluate the maturity of the concept.Results The benefit finding of breast cancer patients involved a perception of cognitive processes,including the three attributes,three word boundaries,two preconditions and three results.Development of the concept was not fully mature.Conclusions Clarifying the benefit finding of breast cancer patients can help researchers use the techniques and principles of positive psychology to promote the benefits finding of breast cancer patients and the patients' physical and mental rehabilitation.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of preoperative ambroxol aerosol inhalation on postoperative lung complications in patients with chest and abdominal surgery.Methods The randomized controlled trials (RCTs) taking preoperative ambroxol aerosol inhalation interventions were collected from the databases of Chinese Technology Journal Database,China National Knowledge Internet and Wanfang Database.Data were analyzed with RevMan 5.0 software.Results Eleven articles with 1 160 patients met the inclusion criteria.There was a certain heterogeneity across the analysis,which might result from kind of included patients,inhalation method,difference of the medication,inhalation time,etc,according to subgroup analysis.The result showed that compared with the control group,patients in the experimental group had lower incidence of postoperative lung complications and the differences were not statistically significant.Conclusions The Meta analysis had identified a significant effect of preoperative ambroxol aerosol inhalation on postoperative lung complications in patients with chest and abdominal surgery,but high quality were in need.
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Objective To study the effect of high frequency stimulation (HFS) in pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) on the neuronal activities of globus pallidus internus (Gpi) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) model rats, and the mechanisms there-of. Methods Seventy male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups, control group (n=30) and PD model group (n=40). PD rat model was established by the injection of 6-OHDA into substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) on the right side of the brain with stereotactic technique. Electrophysiological recordings were made in anaesthetized rats to investigate the ef-fects of HFS-PPN on the firing rate of the GPi neurons. Brain microdialysis combined with high-performance liquid chroma-tography was applied to detect glutamate (Glu) andγ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels in GPi. Results HFS-PPN caused an excitatory reaction of the majority of neurons recorded in the GPi in PD model group and control group. The mean firing rate of GPi excited neurons was significantly increased (P﹤0.01). The levels of Glu were reduced under HFS-PPN and the levels of GABA were not affected (P>0.05).Conclusion HFS-PPN heightened the electrical activity of GPi neurons and re-duced the level of Glu. These excitatory effects were probably realized by PPN-GPi direct path or other indirect path.
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Objective To compare the preoperative eternal nutrition bowel preparation method with the conventional method in the intestinal cleansing effect,postoperative infection and postoperative complications of gastrointestinal function recovery time,and to provide reference for selection for our clinical preoperative practice.Methods Computer Retrieval of Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Full-text Database and China Academic Journal was conducted.The time limit was from establishment of database till May 2013.The research type was randomized controlled trial.Two investigators independently screened,assessed quality and extracted data according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria for literatures,and cross-checked them using RevMan 5.0 software for Metaanalysis,then applied the grading method recommended by the GRADE grading system.Results Ultimately seven RCTs were included,with a total of 478 cases of colorectal cancer patients.Compared with conventional preoperative bowel preparation,eternal nutrition method showed similar bowel cleansing effects and the incidence of complications,but it could shorten the postoperative recovery of gastrointestinal function time,lower positive rate of abdomen,intestine shedding of tumor cells,improve postoperative albumin and transferritin levels.Conclusions Eternal nutrition alternative method for bowel preparation before colorectal surgery is safe and effective.
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ObjectiveTo evaluate the reliability and validity of Chinese version of Postoperative Pain Assessment Nursing Practice Questionnaire (PPA-NPQ).MethodsA forward-backward translation procedure was followed to develop the Chinese version of PPA-NPQ.A total of 258 surgical nurses were investigated by the revised Chinese version dimensions of PPA-NPQ,then the results were tested on reliability and validity by SPSS17.0.ResultsThe cronbach's α of the Chinese version of PPA-NPQ was 0.889.The split- half coefficient and testretest reliability of PPA-NPQ were 0.729,0.875 respectively ; the Cronbach's a,split- half coefficient and test-retest reliability of each sub-scale were ranged from 0.820-0.857,0.797-0.862,0.846-0.902 respectively.The correlation between each sub-scale and total scale were ranged from 0.704-0.818 (P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionThe revised Chinese PPA-NPQ is reliable and valid,and can be used to test the level of postoperative pain assessment practice by surgical nurse.